Understanding Communication: Meaning, Definition, Functions, Models, and Characteristics in UGC NET Paper 1 Unit 4

Unit 4 of UGC NET Paper 1 focuses on communication protocols, models, characteristics, and key concepts. Students must understand how ideas flow from sender to receiver through protocols like TCP, UDP, and ICMP.

Major communication models—Aristotle, Shannon-Weaver, Berlo’s SMCR, Schramm, Barnlund, Helical, Constructionist, and Transmission Models—explain how messages are created, transmitted, and interpreted.

Communication is a continuous, dynamic, cooperative and universal process. Factors such as environment, context, feedback, noise, and channel richness shape how meaning is constructed.

Learning these concepts helps students solve PYQs easily and strengthens overall Paper 1 performance.